汽車維修服務英文文獻

⑴ 求關於發動機的英文文獻及其翻譯 用於畢業論文。急~~

Motor
vehicle suspension on the vehicle suspension system is a very important system.
Not only does it affect the comfort of the car (ride), but also to other
properties such as the adoption, as well as the stability of the attachment
have a significant impact on performance, each of the suspension by the elastic
components (buffers), body-oriented (from Chuan And stabilizing role), as well
as shock absorbers (from the role of shock absorption). However, not all of the
suspension must have three components. As long as we can play to the role of
the three.
Vehiclemaintenance for the conservation network 1, flying the classification
1.
Non-independent suspension: on both sides of the wheel mounted on a
total-vehicle-bridge, the train-bridge to fly through the frame and connected.
This suspension structure is simple and reliable power-but by two rounds of
shock and vibration affecting each other. But also because of the quality of
flying non-serious suspension of the poor performance of the buffer, the vibration
of a moving car, the greater the impact. The suspension generally used for
trucks, buses and a number of other ordinary vehicles. (2) independent
suspension: each indivial through a set of wheels mounted on the body or
suspension of vehicular bridge, the use of off-Axle, in the middle of a fixed
frame or body; such wheel on both sides of the suspension by the shock
Hubuyingxiang, but e to non-flying than by the quality; buffer with a strong
shock absorption capacity, ride comfort. The indicators are better than
non-independent suspension, but the complex structure of the suspension, but it
also drive axle, steering system has become complicated. The use of such
suspension of the following two categories of vehicles. Cars, buses and
passenger vehicles. Can be improved ride comfort, and high speed when driving
the car to improve stability.
Off-road vehicles, military vehicles and
mining vehicles. In a bad way and have no say under the circumstances, we can
make sure all the wheels on the ground and contacts to enhance stability and
driving the car attached, to play a speed of the car.
2.Flexible
yuan for the type of (1) of the leaf spring: the long-range multi-chip and
curvature ranging from the composite plate. After installed at both ends of the
natural upward curve. In addition to the leaf spring with a buffer, there is a
certain degree of shock absorption, vertical layout also has a force-oriented,
non-independent suspension using most of the leaf spring so flexible
components, save-oriented devices and shock absorbers, simple structure . (2)
of the coil spring: only a cushion for the multi-car independent suspension. In
the absence of damping force and mass functions must also be equipped with
special shock absorbers and device-oriented. (3) oil and gas spring: a flexible
medium as a gas, liquid as a medium-power, which not only has a good buffer
capacity, also has a role in shock absorption and at the same time frame of a
high degree of regulation may also be applicable to the use of heavy vehicles and
buses. (4), torsion bar springs; will be made under the torsion bar springs
fixed at one end of the frame, on the other side through the arm and connected
to the wheels, and beat at wheel torsion bar the use of reverse deformation
played the role of buffer, is suitable for independent The use of suspension.
3.
the use of shock absorber tube shock absorbers, the use of oil in the small
role to cut energy consumption vibration. Shock absorber and the upper body
frame or connected with the lower end of the train-bridge connected. Most of
the trip can be done and the compression of the al role of the role of shock
absorber.
4.device-oriented:
the flexibility in the independent suspension components, most of them can only
transfer the vertical loads and can not transmit vertical and horizontal, must
be a separate device-oriented. As noted, under the arm and vertical, horizontal
stabilizer, and so on.
5.
non-independent suspension: before and after the truckswere non-independent
suspension bridge, some vehicles such as buses and cars and so on, after the
bridge is also a non-independent suspension. Each car of the sedan chair by
hoisting two independent non-vertical arrangement of the composition of the
leaf spring. Leaf spring fixed in the middle of the train-bridge, with the
front end hinged frame or body, the back-end with the frame or body through the
ear hanging hinged or connected to use of skateboards. Top of the frame with a
shock absorber then, with the lower end of the next school Axle. The truck rear
axle and more without shock absorbers.
6.
many types of independent suspension, coil spring as the use of flexible
components. Torsion bar springs for the independent suspension is also divided
into vertical and horizontal torsion torque Cup two-under. Although many of the
advantages of an independent suspension, but the car would turn the system, the
Department of driving and driving more complicated structure of the bridge.

Keywords:
structure of the engine engine performance merits of a direct impact on the
performance of motor vehicles.
First, the use of fuel by the different
categories according to engine fuel, gasoline engine and the engine is divided
into two major categories of diesel engines.
1
.network Motor conservation maintenance, gasoline engine small size, light
weight, low prices; good start, when the maximum power of high-speed;work in a
small vibration and noise; suitable for small and medium-sized car in
particular, the use of high-speed car.Gasoline deflagration e to the restrictions
can not be too high compression ratio, thermal efficiency and economy are not,
such as diesel. Gasoline is a mixture of the main gas pipeline in the form over
into the cylinder, compressed by the end of close to the spark plugs fire. The
driver to speed up the adoption of the control pedal into the cylinder of the
gas mixture to control the load on the engine, known as the volume of
regulation. Gasoline engine』s fuel supply system and ignition system is a gasoline engine
failure on the part of a higher proportion. Gasoline engine emissions of
harmful material composition of carbon monoxide, carbon compounds and nitrogen
oxides than diesel, and so on, but with the current electronically controlled
fuel injection system and other exhaust gas purification devices, which have
greatly improved. In addition, the gasoline engine』s
torque characteristics are very suitable for automotive use, can significantly
rece the labor intensity of the driver.
2.
diesel and gasoline engine, diesel engine size, weight, high prices, poor start
(especially when the low temperature); work more vibration and noise; easy to
overload when the black smoke. Diesel is characterized by:
1)
the absence of the deflagration, as well as restrictions on the needs of the
spontaneous combustion of diesel, diesel engine compression ratio high. Thermal
efficiency and economy must be better than the gasoline engine.
2)
the same power, the diesel engine』s torque, maximum power at the time of low speed, suitable for the
use of the truck.
3)
is a mixture of diesel engine cylinder internal form, no inlet throttle, the
intake of small resistance. The driver to speed up the adoption of fuel
injection control board, to change the engine load, known as the regulation of
quality, as there is no problem of hypoxia, emissions of hydrocarbons and
carbon monoxide content of less than gasoline.
4)
In the absence of the ignition system, as well as fuel supply device failure
rate low. Therefore, failure to less than diesel gasoline engine.
5)
diesel engine torque characteristics are not suitable for car driving cycle
needs, moving the stalls to use frequently, an increase of pilot labor
intensity. The main diesel engine for use in medium and heavy vehicles.
Second, the number of engine cylinder and
arrangement of the engine cylinder displacement equal to the volume of work
and.
Increase
in the number of cylinder engine will not only increase capacity, improve the
engine output power, but also to enable the smooth operation of the engine to
rece noise and vibration. Hyundai Motor have adopted multi-cylinder engine.
Mini-car for more than 3-cylinder engine, small trucks, passenger cars and
medium-sized following for more than 4-cylinder engine; medium-sized trucks,
large cars and buses for more than 6-cylinder engine; Heavy-Duty Truck General
of 6-8 cylinder. 6-cylinder engine under a single row multi-cylinder in-line
mode; 8-cylinder V-type engines for alignment; some of the cars in order to
rece engine height, length shortened, using V6, V8-type arrangement. Mini-car
use of 3-cylinder engine, most oblique way. In-line engine structure is simple
and cheap. The disadvantage is that a high degree of the engine higher longer
length.Is more a way. V-type engines with low height, short length, but the
structure of the complex, more expensive price, suitable for large-scale
engine. Water-cooled engine block using the whole cast. Small engines used
aluminum alloy materials, large-scale multi-engine for the cast iron. Cylinder
head bolts used in a fixed block on the plane, in addition to constitute a
closed cylinder combustion room, into the exhaust, valves are installed, and
spark plug valve, and so on.
Third,
the gasoline engine』s
fuel supply 1, the fuel-supply system carburetor gasoline engine fuel supply
line into carburetor and fuel-injection two major categories of carburetor main
oil installations operating principle is:
the work of the engine when the outside air In
the cylinder under the suction air filter to filter through into the cylinder.
When the air flow through the pipe section e to the smaller increase in the
velocity and pressure led to the decline in a certain vacuum. Float on the
interior of gasoline in the vacuum from the role of the main inlet into the
spray nozzle, the gas emitted by high-speed air currents disperse into mist,
known as fogging. And then to oil and oil-film evaporation space in the form of
evaporation, and the airway had mixed into the air mixture into the cylinder.
In order to achieve the economy, the main oil loading also uses the air brake.
The main nozzle at the indoor air, and along with a few scheled to open
around the through-hole and air the same room. When the throttle opening
graally increases, the air hole graally connected with the air. Not only
reces the vacuum so that the mixture-thinning, the main air nozzle is also
beneficial to the atomization of gasoline. 2. electronically controlled fuel
injection fuel-supply system carburetor fuel-supply device structure is simple,
reliable, cheap, easy maintenance. But the biggest drawback is that it can not
be precisely controlled mixture of concentration, resulting in incomplete
combustion, emissions of harmful ingredients, do not meet the stringent
requirements of environmental protection today. In addition, e to the
existence of the pipe so that the air resistance increases. There is also the
cylinder uneven distribution of gasoline and easy to proce and Qizu ice and
so on. In order to solve these problems, 80 electronically controlled fuel
injection system in the car engine on a wide range of applications more and
more.
electronically
controlled fuel injection system advantages: electronically controlled fuel
injection system (referred to as English EFI) has the following advantages:
1.
no matter under what conditions and in what conditions the engine can
accurately control the mixture of concentration, To make gasoline burn
completely full. This greatly reces the emission of harmful components of
content, also has an excellent combustion engine of the economy.
2.
can supply, ignition temperature, such as centralized control, so that the work
of the engine performance, increased engine power output, lower fuel
consumption.
3.
the engine can always operate in a stable condition in a variety of conditions
so that all car drivers in accordance with the requirements of normal traffic.
4. In the absence of pipes, a small air
resistance. At the same time, difficult to proce Qizu, to the distribution of
gas cylinder uniform, and so on. The shortcomings of the fuel injection system
is the high cost structure of the complex and difficult to repair, and so on.
electronicallycontrolled fuel injection system of classification:
1) by way of testing the air quality into theway traffic density and speed of the way the two categories.
2) by way of fuel injection, the following two
categories. According to the location of the jet, into intake manifold junction
(SPI) and the jet intake manifold Department (MPI) are two jet, respectively,
also known as single-point and multi-point injection jet.
MPI is
currently widely used in the way.MPI is currently widely used in the
way. Department of gasoline ignition gasoline engine ignition system are
generally three categories: contact-type ignition system, electronic ignition
system, computer-controlled ignition system.

車輛懸架系統中的機動車輛懸架系統是一種非常重要的系統。它不僅對乘坐汽車的舒適度有影響，而且對附件的穩定性等其他性能有著顯著的影響。每個懸掛的彈性元件(彈簧),是車架(起穩定作用)， 以及減振器的角色(減震)組成然而,並非所有的懸架必須有三個組成部分。只要我們能發揮三個作用。汽車的維護，懸架分類：
一 非獨立懸架：兩側車輪安裝在一根整體式車橋上，車輪連同車橋一起通過框架與車身相連。但這種懸架結構簡單，可靠，製造方便，而是由兩個輪沖擊和振動輪互相影響。在載重汽車上被廣泛應用。 但減震器的表現不佳，汽車行進中的震動越大，影響越嚴重，所以這種懸掛通常被用在卡車、客車和其他的普通車輛。
獨立懸架:每個元件通過兩側車輪安裝或懸掛在車架上，並且採用斷開式車橋。安裝了這種減震系統的車輪不易失重飛起，具有強大減震能力的緩沖器更是提供了舒適的乘駕感受。若一側車輪相對於車架(或車身)的位置發生變化時，另一側車輪不受影響。這種懸架結構復雜，且車身的平穩性和高速行駛的穩定性較好，因此在轎車和小客車上得到普遍採用。以上指標均優於非獨立懸架，但是懸架的結構越復雜，驅動橋和轉向系統也就越復雜。使用這種懸架的交通工有以下兩種：
1汽車和客車等客運車輛：可以提高乘駕舒適度，並且當高速駕駛時能提高穩定性。
mining vehicles.越野車，軍用車和采礦車。在路況不佳時，可以確保所有的車輪接觸地面並提高穩定性，避免汽車起伏，發揮出汽車的速度。
二.彈性元件類型：1 鋼板彈簧：它是由若乾片長方形的鋼板組合成的復合板，呈彎曲形。安裝在自然向上的曲線兩端。此外,鋼板彈簧通過減震器起到某種程度的減震、傳遞垂直載荷的作用。在非獨立懸架和導向機構中，也使用鋼板彈簧這種彈性元件和減震器這樣簡單的結構。
2螺旋彈簧；只為多汽車獨立懸架緩沖，在缺少阻尼力和質量職能的情況下，還必須具備特殊的減震器和導向裝置。
3油氣彈簧: 使用油液和高壓氣體作為彈性材料，不僅有很好的減震能力，可以吸收沖擊。在同樣情況下能夠提供更好的調節作用，適用於重型車輛和客車。
4扭桿彈簧：汽車車架與車輪用扭桿彈簧，其一端固定在車架上而另一端與車輪連接，車輪上下跳動時扭桿產生扭轉變形，靠扭轉彈力來吸收振動能量適合獨立懸架系統。
三.減震器減震筒的使用，油的使用可以切斷震動造成的能里損耗。減震器上端與車底架相連，下端與車橋相連。減震器在大部分的行程可以起到壓縮的雙重作用
四.導向機構：獨立懸架的彈性元件，大多數只能傳遞垂直載荷，並不能傳遞水平載荷，必須是分離的導向機構。如上所述，在力臂和垂直和水平穩定器等。
五.非獨立懸架：非獨立懸架位於卡車的前部和後部，像客車，汽車等一些車輛的後橋也是非獨立懸架。每個轎車均由兩個獨立的非垂直的鋼板彈簧構成。鋼板彈簧固定在車橋中間,其前後端車架或車身通過耳朵懸鉸鏈或使用滑板連接的。上面的框架用減振器的下端連接軸。車後橋一般無減震器。
六 .螺旋彈簧作為彈性元件被用在多種類型的獨立懸架。 扭桿彈簧
torque Cup two-under.為獨立懸架分成縱向和橫向扭力矩杯兩桿。 雖然獨立懸架具有許多優點，但汽車將會通過更復雜的橋結構改進系統，驅動和駕駛。
關鍵詞：發動機的結構發動機的性能對機動車輛的性能有著直接的影響。
首先，燃料使用不同類別根據發動機的燃料，分為汽油發動機和柴油發動機。
1網路汽車養護維修，汽油發動機體積小，重量輕，價格低；當最大速度運行是，啟動好；運行時震動小，噪音小，適合小型和中型汽車，尤其是高速車。由於爆燃的限制，汽油機不可以有過高的壓縮比，熱效率，而且不如柴油經濟。汽油是一種進入氣缸中的主要氣體管道的混合物，在壓縮到接近底部的火花塞時點火。駕駛者加速踩油門時混合氣體進入氣缸來控制發動機的負載，這是常規。汽油發動機的燃料供給系統和點火系統是發生汽油發動機故障的比例較高的一部分。雖然汽油發動機比柴油排放更多的一氧化碳，碳化合物和氮氧化物等有害物質成分，但是,現在的電控燃油噴射系統和其他廢氣凈化裝置卻有了很大的改善。但與目前的電控燃油噴射系統和其他尾氣凈化裝置，極大地改善。此外，汽油發動機的扭矩特性非常適用於汽車，可以大大降低司機的勞動強度。
2柴油發動機和汽油發動機，柴油發動機的大小，重量，價格高，啟動差（尤其是低溫時），運行時震動和噪音大; 有黑煙，容易超負荷。柴油發動機機的特點是：
1）沒有爆燃的限制，但柴油需要自燃，所以柴油發動機壓縮比很高。 .熱效率和經濟性比汽油發動機更好。
2）柴油發動機適用於卡車，因為同樣的功率，扭矩大，最大功率也大。
3）柴油發動機汽缸內的內部是的混合物，沒有進油門，小阻力的進氣管。 司機.司機加快採用燃油噴射控制板，通過改變發動機負荷，作為規管的質量，因為不存在缺氧問題，碳氫化合物和一氧化碳的排放量低於汽油。
4）由於沒有點火系統，燃料供應設備故障率低。 因此，不低於汽油發動機。
5）柴油發動機扭矩特性並不適用於汽車駕駛循環的需求，移動的攤位，經常使用，是適合飛行員勞動強度的增加。主要適用於中型和重型車輛。
第二，發動機缸體及發動機缸體位移量相等的工作。
因此，增加汽缸發動機的數量，不僅能增加容量，提高發動機輸出功率，而且能夠使發動機順利運作，以減少噪音和振動。現代汽車公司已採用多缸發動機。微型車超過3缸發動機，小卡車，客車和中型以下超過4缸發動機;中型卡車，大型轎車和客車超過6缸發動機;重型卡車一般6-8缸。6缸下單列多缸模式下，8缸V型直列發動機，有些的汽車，為減少發動機的高度，將長度縮短，安裝使用V6發動機，V8發動機類型。微型汽車使用3缸發動機，大多是傾斜的。 .在直列發動機結構簡單，便宜。 .缺點是，發動機的高度更高，長度更長。更是一個方式。
.V型發動機高度低，長度短，但其結構復雜，價格更昂貴，適用於大型發動機。

.水冷式發動機缸體採用整體鑄造。小型發動機採用鋁合金材料，而大型發動機多採用鑄鐵材料。
and so on.氣缸蓋螺栓是用在飛機上的固定塊，除了構成一個封閉的汽缸燃燒室，進入排氣管，閥門和火花塞等。
第三，汽油發動機的燃料供應1，燃料供應系統汽化器
汽油發動機燃料進入汽化器和燃油噴射器兩種主要設備工作原理：
發動機工作時，外界空氣被吸入空氣過濾器，通過過濾器進入氣缸。當空氣流過管道部分由於較小的增長速度及壓力的減少導致了真空。

⑵ 誰有汽車美容服務專業的英文

1、車身表面清洗 external surface washing/ to wash the external surface of the body
2、車內清潔internal cleaning
3、腳墊清洗 footpad washing
4、叢巧散輪胎上光保護 smoothing-treating of the tire
5、輪胎氣壓檢滲氏測 pneumatic detecting of the tire
6、輪胎、輪轂普通清洗 cleaning of the tire and the nave
7、輪寬橡轂除銹除漬清洗 nave descaling
8、輪胎充氣tire charging
9、汽車漆面(高級)護理finishing protecting
10、玻璃防霧處理fog protecting

⑶ 汽車維修的英文及例句

汽車維修的英文

vehicle maintenance and repair

參考例句：

For those students who are interested, there is an optional course in car maintenance.

為那些感興趣的同學開了一門有關汽車維修的選修課。Motor China, formerly known as Family Car , was launched in November 1995 by China North Vehicle Institute.

《汽車維修與保養》創刊於1995年11月，原名《家庭汽車》，由中國北方汽車集團出版。vehicle是什麼意思：

n. 車輛，交通工具；傳播媒介；調漆料

vehicle of infection

傳染媒介物 Vehicle was delivered as a cup vehicle and was raced.

車輛作為參賽車輛交付，並已參加比賽。Linseed oil is a vehicle for paint.

亞麻籽油是一種顏料展色劑。 maintenance是什麼意思：

n. 維持，保持；維修，保養；撫養；生活費

MAINT [maintenance]

維護|、保養 Is the maintenance by a systematic preventative maintenance system?

保養維護是否有系統的`預防性維護機制？The maintenance of free trade is correct.

主張自由貿易是正確的做法。

repair是什麼意思：

v. 修理；補救；修復

n. 修理，修補；修補部位；維修費

The majority of the damage is easy to repair. 這次的損害大部分容易補救。

It must be repaired by a qualified worker. 這個應由專業人員來維修。

He disassembled a car for repairing. 他把汽車拆開進行修理。

⑷ 汽修參考文獻

[1]林春曉. 汽修汽配信息管理系統的設計與實現[D].電子科技大學,2013.
[2]李沖. 昆明松騁汽修設備有限公司發展戰略研究[D].昆明理工大學,2013.
[3]王樂琳. 基於.NET汽修汽配管理系統設計與實現[D].電子科技大學,2013.
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[13]劉明. 集中采購模式下汽修備件存儲補貨系統研究[D].上海交通大學,2010.
[14]黃國斯. A汽修公司發展戰略研究[D].暨南大學,2009.
[15]羅鳳鳳,項立嶺,熊換,宋圓圓. 基於薪酬公平理論的常州汽修行業員工流失問題探究[J]. 商業經濟,2013,08:31-33.
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⑸ 關於汽車保養的專業英文單詞

汽車維護Vehicle maintenance
汽車修理Vehicle repair
汽車維修制度System of vehicle maintenance and repair
汽車維修性Maintainability of vehicle
汽車技術狀況Technical Condition of Vehicle
汽車完好技術狀況Good condition of vehicle
汽車不良狀況Bad condition of vehicle
汽車工作能力Working ability of vehicle
汽車技術狀況參數Parameters for technical condition of vehicle
汽車極限技術狀況Limiting condition of vehicle
汽車技術狀況變化規律Regularity for change of technical condition of vehicle
運行缺陷Operational defect
製造缺陷Manufacturing defect
設計缺陷Design defect
事故性缺陷Accidental defect
汽車耗損Vehicle wear-out
汽車零件磨損Wear of vehicle part
磨損過程Wear process
正常磨損Normal wear
極限磨損Limiting wear
允許磨損Permissible wear
磨損率Wear rate
機械磨損Mechanical wear
化學損耗Chemical wear
熱磨損Thermic wear
疲勞磨損Fatigue wear
腐蝕性磨損Corrosion wear
故障磨損Failure wear
故障Malfunctioning
斷裂Breakdown
損壞Damage
更換（零件）Replacing
擦傷Scratching
刮傷Scoring
點蝕Pitting
粘附Adhesion
咬粘Seizure
燒傷Burning
穴蝕Cavitation
老化Aging
疲勞 Fatigue
變形Deformation
缺陷Defect
汽車故障Vehicle failure
完全故障Complete failure
局部故障Partial failure
致命故障Critical failure
嚴重故障Major failure
一般故障Minor failure
汽車故障現象Symptom of vehicle failure
搶氣Mixture robbery
嗆油Fuel fouling
盤車Turning
飛車Run way
工作粗暴Rough running
早燃Preignition
回火Back fire
自燃現象Dieseling (after run)
爆震（爆燃）Detonation
火花（點火）爆燃Spark knock
燃料爆燃Fuel knock (gas knock)
不發火（不點火）Misfiring
調速不勻Hunting
過度停頓Flat spot
調速器工作不勻Governor hunting
迴流Backflow
竄氣Blow-by
稀釋Dilution
濾清器阻塞Clogged filter
潤滑超量Overlubrication
（氣缸）上油Oil pumping
（柴油噴射系）滲漏滴油After dripping
（燃料系）氣阻Vapor lock
結膠Gum deposit
敲缸Knock
拉缸Cylinder score
咬缸Cylinder sticking
軸頸擦傷Journal score
刮傷Scuff
拉瓦Bearing score
（化油器）汽濕現象Percolation
化油器結冰Carburetor icing
活塞敲缸Piston knock (piston slap)
活塞裙部擠扁Collapse of piston skirt
氣門挺桿發響Tappet noise (valve knock)
氣門彈簧顫動Valve spring surge
（蓄電池）硫化Sulphation
（蓄電池）過度放電Over discharge
（火花塞）鉛沉積Lead fouling
（火花塞）積碳Carbon fouling
真空提前失效Defective vacuum advance
高壓線跳火錯亂Secondary wire crossfiring
轉向反沖Steering kickback
離合器炸裂Clutch explosion
制動踏板發軟Spongy brake pedal
制動踏板費力Hard pedal
制動器發響Noisy brake
制動踏板過低Low brake pedal
制動盤擺動Disc runout
制動失效Brake fade
減振器失效Defective shock absorber
輪胎燒耗Burn rubber
輪胎急速磨耗Peel rubber
漂滑效應Hydro-planning (aqua-planning)
（由於緊急制動）緊急滑行Impending skid
充氣不足Under-inflation
異響Abnormal knocking
泄漏Leakage
過熱Overheat
失控Out of control
乏力Lack of power
污染超限Illegal exhaust and noise
費油Excessive consumption of fuel and oil
振抖Fluttering
故障率Failure rate
平均故障率的觀察值Observed mean failure rate
故障樹型分析法Fault tree analysis
汽車維護類別Class of vehicle maintenance
定期維護Periodic maintenance
季節性維護Seasonal maintenance
技術保養Technical service
清洗Washing
技術檢查Check-up
保養周期Service cycle
保養里程Mileage between services
每日保養Daily service
防護Preserving
冬季保養Winter check-up
夏季保養Summer check-up
走合維護Running-in maintenance
汽車修理類別Class of vehicle repair
汽車大修Major repair of vehicle
汽車中修Medium repair of vehicle
汽車小修Current repair of vehicle
總成修理Unit repair
零件修理Parts repair
計劃修理Scheled repair
定期修理Regulating repair
視情修理Repair on technical condition
非計劃修理Unscheled repair
修復Reconditioning
修理里程Mileage between repair
拆開Separating
拆下Withdrawing
拆卸Disassembling
校正Aligning
裝配Fitting
重新裝配Reassembling
調整Adjusting
單獨修理Indivial repair
汽車報廢Motor vehicle liquidation
報廢Scrapping
汽車維護工藝Technology of Vehicle Maintenance
汽車維護作業Operation of vehicle maintenance
汽車維護工藝過程Technological process of vehicle maintenance
汽車修理工藝Technology of vehicle repair
汽車修理工藝過程Technological process of vehicle repair
技術檢驗Technical checking
檢視Inspection
零件檢驗分類Inspection and classification of parts
走合，磨合Running-in
冷磨合Cold running-in
熱磨合Hot running-in
修理尺寸Repair size
走（磨）合期Running-in period
走（磨）合過程Running-in process
走（磨）合工況Running-in conditions
加速磨損期Period of accelerated wear
極限間隙Limiting clearance
允許間隙Permissible clearance
裝配間隙Assembling clearance
汽車維修工藝設備Technological equipment of vehicle maintenance and repair
汽車修理技術標准Technical standard of vehicle repair
汽車診斷 Vehicle diagnosis
汽車檢測Detecting test of vehicle
診斷參數Diagnostic parameters
診斷規范Diagnostic norms
汽車維修管理Administration of Vehicle Maintenance
汽車維護方法Method of vehicle maintenance
汽車維護流水作業法Flow method of vehicle maintenance
汽車維護定位作業法Method of vehicle maintenance on universal post
汽車修理方法Method of vehicle repair
汽車修理流水作業法Flow method of vehicle repair
汽車修理定位作業法Method of vehicle repair on universal post
總成互換修理法Unit exchange repairing method
周轉總成Reversible unit
混裝修理法Depersonalized repair method
就車修理法Personalized repair method
汽車維修指標Indices of vehicle maintenance and repair
汽車維護生產綱領Proction program of vehicle maintenance
汽車修理生產綱要Proction program of vehicle repair
汽車維修周期Period of vehicle maintenance
汽車診斷周期Period of vehicle diagnosis
汽車維修竣工輛次Number of vehicle being received from maintenance or repair
汽車大修平均在廠車日Average days in plant ring major of vehicles
汽車大修平均在修車日Average days ring major repair of vehicles
汽車大修平均工時Average man-hours of vehicle maintenance and repair
汽車維修平均費用Average costs of vehicle maintenance and repair
汽車大修返修率Returning rate of major repair of vehicle
汽車小修頻率Frequency of current repair of vehicles
汽車大修間隔里程Average interval mileage of major repair of vehicles
汽車修理工人實物勞動生產率Labour proctivity of repair-man
汽車維護企業Enterprise of vehicle maintenance and repair
汽車維護場（站）Maintenance depot (station) of vehicles
汽車停車場（庫）Park
汽車修理廠Vehicle repair plant
汽車總成修理廠Unit repair plant for vehicle
汽車診斷站Vehicle diagnosis station
汽車檢測站Detecting test station of vehicle
汽車維修網點Network of vehicle maintenance and repair
汽車維修工具和設備Instrument and Device for Vehicle Maintenance and Repair
螺絲刀Screwdriver
花扳手Ring spanner
銼刀File
雙頭扳手Double-ended spanner
鯉魚鉗Combination pilers
輪胎螺栓扳手Wheel wrench
厚度規Feeler gauge
桿式氣缸量規Bar-type cylinder gauge
氣缸壓力表Cylinder compressor gauge
活塞台鉗Piston vice
活塞加熱器Piston heater
活塞環工具Piston ring tool
活塞環鉗（活塞環拆裝鉗）Piston ring pliers (piston ring tongs)
壓環器Piston ring compressor
活塞環銼Piston ring file
活塞銷拉器Piston-pin extractor
連桿校正器Connecting rod alignment fixture
氣門座刀具Valve seat cutter
氣門彈簧壓縮器Valve spring compressor
氣門研磨工具Valve grinding tool (valve lapper)
調整氣門間隙扳手Tappet wrench
浮子室液面儀Float level gauge
歧管壓力表Manifold pressure gauge set
點火正時燈（正時觀測燈）Ignition timing light (stroboscope)
燃燒分析儀Combustion tester
斷電器觸點閉合角Dwell meter
火花塞間隙量規Plug gap gauge
火花塞套筒扳手Spark plug box (socket) spanner
蓄電池液體比重計Battery hydrometer
汽車架Car stand (jack stand)
輪軸架Axle stand
前束量尺Toe-in gauge
外傾測量器Camber gauge
制動踏板壓下器Brake depressor
制動器放氣軟管Hose for brake bleeding
車架量規Frame gauge
輪轂拆卸器Hub puller
車輪拆卸器Wheel wrench
拆裝輪胎用撬杠Tire-lever
打氣筒Tire pump
螺旋千斤頂Screw jack
輪胎壓力計Pressure gauge
油壺Oil can
手油泵Manual fuel pump
黃油槍Grease gun
起動搖把Starting crank
工具袋Tool bag
車身修整工具Body bumping tool
發動機測功機Engine dynamometer
發動機綜合試驗機Engine analyzer
發動機示波器Engine scope (oscillograph)
電子診斷式發動機試驗儀Electronic-diagnostic engine tester
滾筒式測功試驗台Roller type dynamometer (test bed)
發動機加速測功儀Free acceleration engine tester
容積式油耗計Volumetric fuel meter
紅外線廢氣分析儀Infrared rays exhaust gas analyzer
異響診斷儀Abnormal engine noise diagnosis equipment
氣缸漏氣率檢驗儀Cylinder leak tester
發動機分析儀Engine analysis apparatus
進氣歧管真空度表Intake manifold vacuum meter
氣缸壓力表Cylinder pressure gauge
調整用的試驗檢測儀Tune-up tester
底盤測功機Chassis dynamometer
底盤潤滑機Chassis lubricator
曲軸箱竄氣量測定儀Blow-by meter
反作用力制動試驗台Reaction type brake tester
慣性式制動試驗台Inertia type brake tester
轉向盤間隙測量儀Steering wheel freeplay gauge
測滑試驗台Side-slip checking stand
前照燈檢驗儀Head light checking equipment
氣缸孔垂直檢驗儀Cylinder perpendicularity gauge
主軸承座孔同軸度檢驗儀Main bearing aligning gauge
移動式車輪平衡機Portable wheel balancer
固定式車輪平衡機Wheel balancer
車輪動平衡機Dynamic wheel balancer
鏜缸機Cylinder boring machine
氣缸珩磨機Cylinder honing machine
直線鏜削機Line borer
氣門修整機Valve reseater
（活塞）銷孔珩磨機Pinhole honer
曲軸磨床Crankshaft grinding machine
氣門研磨機Valve grinding machine
氣門面磨光機Valve refacer
氣門座磨光機Valve seat grinder
氣門座偏心磨光機Eccentric valve seat grinder
研磨機Lapping machine
電子點火試驗器Electronic ignition tester
點火線圈試驗器Ignition coil tester
氖管火花試驗器Neon spark tester
電容器試驗器Condenser tester
電樞試驗器Armature tester
制動盤專用車床Disc lathe
制動蹄片磨削裝置Brake shoe grinder
制動鼓車床Brake drum lathe
制動液自動更換裝置Brake flusher
（液壓）制動系空氣排除器Brake bleeder

65

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Christalmeng
2007-12-13

Air filter 空氣濾清器
Fuel filter 機油濾清器
Oil filter 燃油濾清器
Brake pad 剎車片
Spare tire 備胎
Engine 發動機
Wiper blade雨刮器
Clutch 離合器
clutch disc 離合器盤
Radiator 散熱器
Suspension 懸杠
Rubber parts 橡膠件
Brake disc 剎車盤
Brake Shoes 剎車蹄
Shock absorber 減震器
Fan clutch 風扇離合器
Water Pump 水泵
Oil pump 燃油泵
fuel Pump 機油泵
Horn 蝸牛喇叭
Engine oil level Sensor 油位感測器
Knock sensor 敲缸感測器
combination rear lamp 後備箱燈
headlight前燈
Belt Drive 皮帶驅動
Gaskets 墊片
Regulator 調節器
Steering 轉向系統
Air Flow sensor 空氣流量計
Brake Fluid 制動液
Lubrication 潤滑劑
Cleaner 清洗劑
Antifreeze 防凍劑

⑹ 跪求4千字左右關於汽車方面的英文語文章，帶中文翻譯的！不要用翻譯軟體翻譯的，錯誤太多！

Scott Perl, Albuquerque, N.M. A: Auto racers have told us the main advantage in filling tires with nitrogen instead of ambient air is that nitrogen tends to maintain more consistent tire pressure over a wide range of temperatures. As friction between the tire and pavement drives up the temperature, air with varying amounts of moisture content responds differently and can cause inconsistencies in tire pressure. While racing drivers are more likely to notice the advantages of nitrogen than everyday drivers, we haven't heard of any disadvantages to using it. Skeptics question the practice, noting that ambient air is about 80% nitrogen and that it expands and contracts at the same rate as pure nitrogen. A number of readers say there's no appreciable difference in how the tires will react if filled with nitrogen, especially in everyday use. Q: Is it safe to use cruise control in rain or on wet pavement? -- Scott Brake, Westminster, Calif. A: Car makers often warn that cruise control should be used only in light traffic on open roads and in good weather. There have been reports of accidents involving cruise control when the car lost traction -- or hydroplaned -- in slippery conditions. Some car makers warn that the steady throttle of cruise control -- like keeping one's foot on the gas -- could cause the wheels to spin when they hit a wet or icy patch of road. Car-company representatives say the cruise- control warnings reflect the fact that drivers should be particularly vigilant when conditions are less than ideal, and cruising along on what amounts to partial autopilot tends to lull some drivers into a false sense of security. Q: If an automobile manual suggests a certain weight oil (such as, 5W-30), would adding a quart of a different weight oil (say, 10W-40) between complete oil changes damage the car's engine? -- Gil Ehrenkranz, Potomac, Md. A: Probably not. But today's engines generally are more precisely engineered than those of 20 or 30 years ago. Many of us at some point have topped off our cars with whatever oil happened to be available without causing damage -- at least not that we know of. Auto makers, however, say modern engines can be more sensitive to a change in oil weight, and using the wrong oil, even in small amounts, can hurt an engine's performance and even cause harm. Q: What is a sequential manual transmission? How does it differ from an automatic or a standard manual transmission? -- Harry J. Jaffe, Germantown, Tenn. A: A sequential manual transmission is a gearbox that requires gear changes to be made in order (first to second to third), instead of having a shift pattern with a lever that allows the driver to skip gears. Motorcycles have used such transmissions for decades and racing cars began using them years ago because they allow quicker shifts. Shifting is usually done through levers, buttons or switches. The sequential transmissions advertised today -- mainly in high- performance cars such as Ferraris, Aston Martins and some BMWs -- are technically manual transmissions, except that the clutch and the gear changes are controlled electronically. The advantage is that gear changes can be made more quickly and precisely than a human shifting the old-fashioned way. Traditionalists say the downside is that they simply aren't as much fun to drive and require less driver skill.
意思：斯科特Perl,阿布奎基,N.M.答:汽車賽車已經告訴了我們的主要優勢和氮氣充填輪胎代替周圍的空氣是氮傾向於保持更一致的胎壓在很大的溫度范圍內。作為之間的摩擦力的輪胎與路面驅動溫度,空氣和變化不定的含水量反應,會導致不一致的輪胎壓力。雖然賽車駕駛員更容易注意到的優點優點長處的優勢,我們比每天氮、磷、鉀和還沒有收到任何缺點,使用它。懷疑論者質疑的實踐,指出空氣是大約80%,氮、磷、鉀和熱脹冷縮速度一樣純氮。大量的讀者表示沒有欣賞不同的輪胎會如何回應如果充滿了氮,尤其是在日常使用。問:它安全巡航控制在雨中或在潮濕的路面嗎?斯科特製動、威斯敏斯特宮——。答:汽車製造商經常警告巡航控制應該只用在光路交通開放的好天氣。據報道,事故的巡航控制時,車失去牽引力——或者hydroplaned——在滑的條件。一些汽車製造商發出警告,穩定的油門巡航控制——就像一腳的氣體——可能導致車輪旋轉時,他們打濕或冰的補丁的道路。Car-company代表說,克魯斯-控制警告反映駕駛員應特別警惕時,條件是少於理想,獨自徘徊在什麼等於趨於平靜一些局部自動駕駛產生了一種虛假的安全感。問:如果一個汽車手冊顯示有一定的重量油(例如,5W-30),將增加一誇脫的不同,10W-40油(重量)之間的完整的機油變化損害的汽車引擎?吉爾Ehrenkranz、波,——事宜。答:大概不會。但是今天的引擎通常是更精確的工程比20或30年前。我們中的很多人已經超過了我們的汽車和任何可用的石油發生不損壞,至少不是我們所知道的。汽車製造商,然而,現代的引擎,可以更敏感的改變時,油,使用錯誤的重量,即使在少量的油,能傷害一個引擎的性能,甚至造成傷害。問:什麼是一個序列手操作的傳動系統。它如何與一個自動或手動傳輸標准嗎?Jaffe >,德國——哈利。答:一個序列機械式變速器齒輪箱,是需要改變是為了(第二次到第三個),而不是有一個工作模式與桿,讓車手可以跳過齒輪。使用這種傳輸摩托車賽車的幾十年就開始使用他們,因為他們允許更快年前。通常是通過轉移杠桿,按鈕或開關。今天的順序傳送——主要是在廣告表現等車,阿斯頓·馬丁和一些不佳,手動變速器寶馬—技術,除了那個離合器和齒輪的變化是控制電子簽名。好處是齒輪的變化,可以作出更快速、准確地比人類將傳統的方式。傳統說不利的是,他們根本不一樣的樂趣來驅動,需要更少的司機的技能。
還有一篇：
Cars in AmericaCars are an important part of lifein the United States. The car made the UnitedStatesanationon wheels.Andit helped to make the United States what it is today.There are three main reasons why the car became so popular in the United States. First of all the country is a huge one and Americans like to move around in it. The cars provide the most comfortable and cheapest form of transportation.The second reason that cars are popular is the fact that the United States never really developed an efficient and inexpensive form of public transportation. Long-distance trains have never been as common in the United States as they are in other parts of the world. Nowadays there is a good system of air service provided by planes. But it is too expensive to be used frequently.The third reason is the most important one, though. The American spirit of independence is what really made cars popular. Americans don't like to wait for a bus, or a train or even a plane. They don't like to have to follow an exact timetable.And the freedom a car gives them is what Americans want most to have.The decrease of gas supplies has caused a big problem for Americans. But the answer will not be a bigger system of public transportation. The real solution will have to be a new kind of car, one that does not use so much gas.
Car PollutionEach year there is an increasing number of cars on the roads as millions of new cars are proced. One out of six Americans works at making cars, driving trucks, building roads or filling up gas. Americans couldn't live without cars!Most Americans would find it hard to imagine life without a car. However, some have realized the serious problem of air pollution caused by cars. The polluted air becomes poisonous and dangerous to health.One way to get rid of the polluted air is to make a car without pollution. But to build a clean car is easier said than done. Progress in this field is slow.Another way is to replace car engines with something else. Inventors are now working on steam cars as well as electric cars. Many makers believe that it will take years to develop a practical model for us.To prevent the world from being polluted by cars, we have to make some changes in our lives. Americans, for example, have to cut down on the number of their total cars.They are encouraged to use bicycles, which are thought to help keep the air clean.But this change does not come easily. A large number of workers may find themselves without jobs if a car factory cioses down. Thus the problem of air pollution would become less important than that of unemployment. Although cars have led us to a better life, they have also brought us new problems.
意思：
美國的汽車汽車是美國生活的重要組成部分。汽車使得美國成為輪子上的國家，它也幫助美國成為現在的樣子。汽車在美國如此盛行有三個主要原因。首先這個國家地域遼闊，而美國人喜歡在其間來回走動。汽車提供了最舒適最便宜的交通方式。汽車如此盛行的第二個原因是美國從未真正發展過有效廉價的公共交通這一事實。美國的長途火車從未像世界上其它地方那麼普及。如今飛機提供了空中服務的良好體系。但是飛機太貴了，不能頻繁使用。而第三個原因是最為重要的。美國人的獨立精神是使得汽車盛行的真正原因。美國人不喜歡等公共汽車、火車甚至飛機。他們不喜歡必須遵循精確的時間表。汽車給予他們的自由正是美國人最想得到的。汽油供給的減少已經給美國人帶來了巨大的問題。但答案不是發展更大型的公交體系。真正的解決方式必須是一種新型的汽車，那種不需要使用很多燃料的汽車。
汽車污染上路的汽車數量逐年增長，同時，每年都會生產出幾百萬輛新車。在美國，每六個人中就有一個從事與汽車相關的工作：造車、開車、修路、加油等等。離開汽車，美國人無法生活!大部分美國人簡直無法想像沒有車的生活會是什麼樣子。但是一些人也已經意識到汽車造成的空氣污染已成為嚴重的問題。被污染的空氣具有毒性，並且危害健康。解決空氣污染的方法之一就是製造無污染汽車。但是生產清潔汽車說來容易做來難。目前，這一領域的進展十分緩慢。另一個方法就是使用其他東西替代汽車發動機。發明家正在研製蒸汽汽車和電車。但是許多廠家認為我們可以使用的實用型汽車的誕生可能還需要幾年時間。要想阻止全球化的汽車污染，我們需要對自己的生活方式做出適當的改變。例如，在美國，需要縮減汽車總量。鼓勵人們使用有助空氣清潔的自行車。但這種改變不能一蹴而就。一旦汽車工廠關閉，就會有大量工人失去工作。與失業相比，空氣污染似乎就不再那麼重要了。盡管汽車為我們帶來了更加舒適的生活，同時，它也帶來了新的問題。

⑺ 英文文獻 求汽車相關英文文獻一篇，論文或期刊都行。單詞不需太多，對應成中文3000字左右。 在線等，謝謝

沃爾沃車標歷史：
In June 1915, "Volvo" name first appeared in a ball on the SFK, and formally at the Royal Swedish Patent and Trademark Registration Board registered as trade marks. Since that date, SKF companies proce go each group of automotive side of ball and roller bearings, are marked with a new Volvo logo.

In Latin, "Volvere" is the verb "roll" (rolling) and infinitives, for example, a pistol with a runner is called "revolver". In the use of first person singular form, the verb "volvere" becomes "volvo", "I roll" is "I go forward" means. Therefore, Volvo means "rolling forward." At present the Chinese name of unification as "Volvo", in the past have also had the "rich" in Chinese name.

Volvo cars marked by a graph composed of three parts: the first part of the circles represent the Roman god of war Mars, which is the ancient chemical symbol for iron - an arrow inside the circle, the arrow pointing diagonally upwards to the upper right corner. In Western civilization, this can be regarded as the oldest and most common of a trademark, which originated in the Roman Empire, is Mars, the Roman god of war and men masculine symbol of the concept of three different qualities, thus also embodies Mars and then to use to make the majority of weapons between the initial source of iron. Because of this, the flag has long been the world including Switzerland, as a symbol of the steel instry. The reason why the car on the use of the brand logo on behalf of iron is to allow people to recall the glorious tradition of the Swedish iron and steel instry, as well as a strong steely strength.

The second part is diagonal, set in the radiator from the upper left to lower right in favor of a diagonal ribbons. This band was originally out of technical considerations, is used to sign fixed to the grille on Mars, then it has graally evolved into a decorative sign and become the most obvious sign of Volvo cars.

The third part is a registered trademark of Volvo company, is the font used for writing the ancient Egyptian word VOLVO.

In 1927 was successfully manufactured the first cars on display on the integrity of all of the company logo. This car marked the beginning since the first one has been in use since Volvo cars, Volvo's car as a clear sign of unusual. In addition, Volvo the center of the steering wheel can be seen the iron symbol.

夠嗎？ 不夠我再發，我已經打給你的郵箱了！ 給我分吧！

⑻ 汽車美容參考文獻

「汽車美容」源於西方發達國家，英文名稱表示為「Car Beauty」或「Car Care」、「CarDitill」。
由於汽車工業的發展，社會消費時尚的流行，以及人們對事物獵奇、追求新異思想的影響，這些國家的新車款式更新換代速度非常快，追新族們為得到新車而不願舊車貶值，因而在汽車消費與二手車市場之間，汽車美容裝飾業也就應運而生。換句話說，汽車美容是工業經濟高速發展、消費觀念進步以及汽車文化日益深入人心的必然產物。
隨著社會進步及人類文明程度的不斷提高，汽車正以大眾化消費品的姿態進入百姓生活，因而汽車的款式、性能以及汽車的整潔程度，無一不體現出車主的性格、修養、生活觀及喜好。所以，許多人想讓自己的「座駕」看起來干凈漂亮，用起風光舒適。圍繞這一目的，進行的一系列工作，就是許多人眼裡籠統意義的「汽車美容」。
而今天的汽車美容由於借鑒了人類「美容養顏」的基本思想，被賦予仿生學新的內涵，正逐步形成現代意義的汽車美容。汽車美容新概念，不只是簡單的汽車打蠟、除漬、除臭、吸塵及車內外的清潔服務等常規美容護理，還包括利用專業美容系列產品和高科技技術設備，採用特殊的工藝和方法，對漆面增光、打蠟、拋光、鍍膜及深淺劃痕處理，全車漆面美容，底盤防腐塗膠自理和發動機表面翻新、輪胎更換維修、鈑金、車身油漆修補等一系列養車技術，以達到「舊車變新，新車保值，延壽增益」的功效。
汽車美容在英文術語叫：汽車的細節。所以說汽車美容是從細節開始的，一切的汽車美容都是從洗車開始。洗車的好壞決定著技術基礎。不可忽視！常見美容方法有
1、防爆隔熱膜
包括前擋、後擋、側窗。通常用的有綠色、天藍色、灰、棕色、自然色等。
2、車身美容
車身美容服務項目包括洗車，去除瀝青、焦油等污物，上蠟增艷與鏡面處理，漆面方程式處理，新車開蠟，鋼圈、輪胎、保險杠翻新與底盤防腐塗膠處理等。
3、內飾美容
內飾美容服務項目可分為車室美容、發動機美容及行李箱清潔等項目。其中車室美容包括儀表台、濾光屏、頂棚、地毯、腳墊、座椅、座套、車門內飾的吸塵清潔保護，以及蒸汽殺菌、冷暖風口除臭、
室內空氣凈化等項目。發動機美容包括發動機沖洗清潔、噴上光保護劑、做翻新處理、三濾清潔等項目。
4、漆面處理
漆面處理服務項目可分為氧化膜、飛漆、酸雨處理，漆面深淺劃痕處理，漆面部分板面破損處理及整車噴漆。
5、汽車防護
汽車防護服務項目包括安裝防盜器、倒車雷達、靜電放電器、汽車語音報警裝置等。
6、汽車精品
作為汽車美容服務的延伸項目，汽車精品能滿足司機及乘員對汽車內部附屬裝飾、便捷服務的需求，如車用香水、蠟撣、腳墊、座墊、座套、把套等的配置，能使汽車美容服務貼身貼心，賓至如歸。

⑼ 求 關於汽車服務業的 參考文獻、

中國期刊全文資料庫 共找到 3 條
[1]程霞. 我國汽車服務業發展研究綜述[J]. 科技信息(科學教研), 2008,(24) .
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[5]閆偉紅. 連雲港中小型飯店服務質量對顧客行為意向影響的實證研究[D]. 南京理工大學, 2007 .
[6]李秀梅. 基於服務利潤鏈的百貨商場會員忠誠度研究[D]. 浙江工商大學, 2008 .
[7]李丹. 廣州本田特約4S店的營銷創新戰略研究[D]. 暨南大學, 2008 .
[8]侯興起. 服務質量對顧客滿意與顧客忠誠度的影響研究[D]. 山東大學, 2008 .
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[10]景海芳. 我國汽車售後服務分析及對策研究[D]. 長安大學, 2009 .

⑽ 關於汽修方面的參考文獻

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